SPATIAL DIMENSIONS’ FEATURES OF THE MAXILLARY SINUSES IN THE MATURE AGE MALES AND FEMALES INDIVIDUALS ACCORDING RECONSTRUCTED 3D MODELS

Abstract

The analysis of 102 Cone-beam Computed Tomography of the nose and paranasal sinuses was performed. Spatial dimensions of the maxillary sinuses according to the 3D models, their symmetry, as well as natural ostiums openings passability in relation to the forms of maxillary sinuses (MS) have been determined.

Analysis of the 3D models of MS results. 102 examined subjects of different periods of mature age males and females showed, that the volume of sinuses varies from 9.7 cm3 (min) to 33.2 cm3 (max) and has a pronounced age and gender dependence.

In the first age group, namely in the early mature age (from the age of 21 to 35), the spatial volumes are higher in men – 22.8 ± 2.09 cm³ and 23.06 ± 1.93 cm³ respectively, on the left and right sides, and in women, the scores are lower – 18 ± 1.91 cm³ for the left sinus and 17.06 ± 1.8 cm for the right sinus. In the case of the late mature age group (36 to 60 years), the average volume of MS in men is 21 ± 2,09 cm³ and 22,13 ± 2,4 cm³, whereas in women it is 21,42 ± 2 , 42 cm³ and 20.78 ± 2.28 cm³ respectively for the left and right sides.

Gender comparison of individual indicators of the size of the left MS in early mature age showed, that the volume of the left MS in men is bigger than in women of this age group. In the late mature age, the volume of the left MS is higher in females than in males.

The analysis of individual indicators of the size of the right MS in early mature age showed, that the volume of  the right MS, as well as left, in men is bigger than in women of this age group. In the late mature age, the volume of the right MS, unlike the left, is larger in men than in women.

The conducted analysis of age dynamics of the volume of maxillary sinuses in individuals of different periods of mature age has shown that the researched indicator in both women and men in both age groups is asymmetrical. At the same time, the volume of both maxillary sinuses in men with age decreases, and in women – increases.

It was also established that the volume of the left MS in persons of the first age group and the right MS in both age groups is higher than in men, and the volume of the left MS in the second age group is slightly higher among the female population.

The analysis of symmetry of sinuses has shown, that maxillary sinuses  symmetry was observed in 34 patients (33% of the total number of all surveyed), and asymmetry – in 68 patients (67%).  The analysis of the symmetry of the MS in women and men made it possible to establish that in women the difference between the investigated parameter is insignificant – the symmetry of the indicator of the MS volume was established in 55% of the examined women, asymmetry – in 45%. Unlike women, in men the asymmetry of the MS is found to be much higher – 81% of asymmetric indices with 19% of the symmetrical total of the examined male population.

The analysis of computed tomographies allowed to determine the influence of the form of maxillary sinuses on the passability of their natural ostium openings.         According to the results, we often see the passage of the natural ostiums of the sinuses in the circular form of the MS, in particular, in the horizontal projection – in 100% of the examined. Also, often natural ostiums openings are passable in rectangular, triangular and oval forms of sinuses. In the square form, the passability of natural ostiums of the MS observed the least – only in 25% of cases.